[1] Choi, S. U. S., Eastman, J. A., Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with Nanoparticles, Argonne National Lab., IL (United States), ANL/MSD/CP--84938; CONF-951135-29, Available: https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/196525/, 2017.
[2] Buongiorno, J., Convective Transport in Nanofluids, ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, 128(3), 2006, 240–250.
[3] Kuznetsov, A. V., Nield, D. A., Natural Convective Boundary-Layer Flow of a Nanofluid Past a Vertical Plate: A Revised Model, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 77, 2014, 126–129.
[4] Mohyud-Din, Khan, S. T., U., Hassan, S. M., Numerical Investigation of Magnetohydrodynamic Flow And Heat Transfer of Copper–Water Nanofluid in A Channel with Non-Parallel Walls Considering Different Shapes of Nanoparticles, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8(3), 2016, 1-9.
[5] Rana, P., Bhargava, R., Bég, O. A., Numerical Solution For Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Flow Of A Nanofluid Along An Inclined Plate Embedded In A Porous Medium, Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 64(9), 2012, 2816–2832.
[6] Hunt, A. J., Small Particle Heat Exchangers. Department of Energy, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Energy and Environment Division, 1978.
[7] Shehzad, S. A., Hayat, T., Alsaedi, A., Obid, M. A., Nonlinear Thermal Radiation in Three-Dimensional Flow of Jeffrey Nanofluid: A Model for Solar Energy, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 248, 2014, 273–286.
[8] Das, M. B., Mahatha, K., Nandkeolyar, R., Mixed Convection and Nonlinear Radiation in the Stagnation Point Nanofluid flow towards a Stretching Sheet with Homogenous-Heterogeneous Reactions effects, Procedia Engineering, 127, 2015, 1018–1025.
[9] Uddin, M. J., Rana, P., Bég, O. A., Ismail, A. I. Md., Finite Element Simulation of Magnetohydrodynamic Convective Nanofluid Slip Flow in Porous Media with Nonlinear Radiation, Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55(2), 2016, 1305–1319.
[10] Khan, U., Ahmed, N., Mohyud-Din, S. T., Mohsin, B. B., Nonlinear Radiation Effects on MHD Flow of Nanofluid over A Nonlinearly Stretching/Shrinking Wedge, Neural Computing and Application, 28(8), 2017, 2041–2050.
[11] Ashraf, E. E., Advected Bioconvection and the Hydrodynamics of Bounded Biflagellate Locomotion, PhD Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011.
[12] Das, K., Duari, P. R., Kundu, P. K., Nanofluid Bioconvection in Presence of Gyrotactic Microorganisms and Chemical Reaction in A Porous Medium, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 29(11), 2015, 4841–4849.
[13] Kuznetsov, A. V., Avramenko, A. A., Effect of Small Particles on this Stability of Bioconvection in A Suspension of Gyrotactic Microorganisms in A Layer of Finite Depth, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 31(1), 2004, 1–10.
[14] Hill, N. A., Pedley, T. J., Bioconvection, Fluid Dynamics Research, 37(1), 2005, 1–20.
[15] Alloui, Z., Nguyen, T. H., Bilgen, E., Bioconvection of Gravitactic Microorganisms in A Vertical Cylinder, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 32(6), 2005, 739–747.
[16] Uddin, Md. J., Kabir, M. N., Bég, O. A., Computational Investigation of Stefan Blowing and Multiple-Slip Effects on Buoyancy-Driven Bioconvection Nanofluid Flow with Microorganisms, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 95, 2016, 116–130.
[17] Dhanai, R., Rana, P., Kumar, L., Lie Group Analysis for Bioconvection MHD Slip Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluid over An Inclined Sheet: Multiple Solutions, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 66, 2016, 283–291.
[18] Khan, W., Rashad, A., Abdou, M. M. M., Tlili, I., Natural Bioconvection Flow of A Nanofluid Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms about A Truncated Cone, European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids, 75, 2019, 133-142.
[19] Waqas, H., Khan S. U., Hassan, M. M., Bhatti, M., Imran, M., Analysis on the Bioconvection Flow of Modified Second-Grade Nanofluid Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms and Nanoparticles, Journal of Molecular Liquids, 291, 2019, 111231.
[20] Rashad, A. M., Nabwey, H. A., Gyrotactic Mixed Bioconvection Flow of A Nanofluid Past A Circular Cylinder with Convective Boundary Condition, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 99, 2019, 9–17.
[21] Khan, N. S., Shah, Q., Bhaumik, A., Kumam, P., Thounthong, P., Amiri, I., Entropy Generation in Bioconvection Nanofluid Flow Between Two Stretchable Rotating Disks, Scientific Reports, 10(1), 2020, 1–26.
[22] Aneja, M., Sharma, S., Kuharat, S., Beg O. A., Computation of Electroconductive Gyrotactic Bioconvection under Nonuniform Magnetic Field: Simulation of Smart Bio-Nanopolymer Coatings for Solar Energy, International Journal of Modern of Physics, 34(5), 2020, 2050028.
[23] Khan, S. U., Shehzad, S. A., Ali, N., Bioconvection Flow of Magnetized Williamson Nanoliquid with Motile Organisms and Variable Thermal Conductivity, Applied Nanoscience, 10, 2020, 3325–3336.
[24] Lu, D., Ramzan, M., Ullah, N., Chung, J. D., Farooq, U., A Numerical Treatment of Radiative Nanofluid 3D Flow Containing Gyrotactic Microorganism with Anisotropic Slip, Binary Chemical Reaction and Activation Energy, Scientific Reports, 7(1), 2017, 17008.
[25] Singh, P. K., Anoop, K. B., Sundararajan, T., Das, S. K., Entropy Generation Due to Flow and Heat Transfer in Nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 53(21), 2010, 4757–4767.
[26] Aiboud , S., Saouli, S., Second Law Analysis of Viscoelastic Fluid over A Stretching Sheet Subject to A Transverse Magnetic Field with Heat and Mass Transfer, Entropy, 12(8), 2010, 1867–1884.
[27] Butt, A. S., Munawar S., Ali, A., Mehmood, A., Entropy Generation in the Blasius Flow under Thermal Radiation, Physica Scripta, 85(3), 2012, 035008.
[28] Bhatti, M. M., Abbas, T., Rashidi, M. M., Entropy Generation as A Practical Tool of Optimisation for Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Flow through A Permeable Stretching Surface using SLM, Journal of Computational Design and Engineering, 4(1), 2017, 21–28.
[29] Bég, O., Kavyani, N. Islam M., Entropy Generation in Hydromagnetic Convective Von Karman Swirling Flow: Homotopy Analysis, International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 9, 2013, 37–65.
[30] Rashidi, M. M., Parsa, A. B., Bég, O. A., Shamekhi, L., Sadri, S. M., Bég, T. A., Parametric Analysis of Entropy Generation In Magneto-Hemodynamic Flow in A Semi-Porous Channel With OHAM and DTM, Applied Bionics and Biomechanics, 11, 2014, 47–60.
[31] Srinivas, J., Murthy, J. V. R., Beg. O. A., Entropy Generation Analysis of Radiative Heat Transfer Effects on Channel Flow of Two Immiscible Couple Stress Fluids, Journal of Brazilian Society of Mechanical Science and Engineering, 39(6), 2017, 2191–2202.
[32] Akbar, N. S., Shoaib, M., Tripathi, D., Bhushan, S., Bég, O. A., Analytical Approach To Entropy Generation And Heat Transfer In CNT-Nanofluid Dynamics Through A Ciliated Porous Medium, Journal of Hydrodynamics, 30(2), 2018, 296–306
[33] Jangili, S., Bég, O. A., Homotopy Study of Entropy Generation in Magnetized Micropolar Flow in A Vertical Parallel Plate Channel with Buoyancy Effect, Heat Transfer Research, 49(6), 2018, 529–553.
[34] Ramzan, M., Mohammad, M., Howari, F., Magnetized Suspended Carbon Nanotubes Based Nanofluid Flow with Bio-Convection and Entropy Generation Past a Vertical Cone, Scientific Reports, 9(1), 2019, 12225.
[35] Khan, N. S., Kumam, P., Thounthong, P., Second Law Analysis with Effects of Arrhenius Activation Energy and Binary Chemical Reaction on Nanofluid Flow, Scientific Reports, 10(1), 2020, 1226.
[36] Buongiorno, J., et al., A Benchmark Study on the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids, Journal of Applied Physics, 106(9), 2009, 094312.
[37] Kakaç, S., Pramuanjaroenkij, A., Review of Convective Heat Transfer Enhancement with Nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 52(13), 2009, 3187–3196.
[38] Wong, K. V., Leon, O. D., Applications of Nanofluids: Current and Future, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2, 2010, 519659.
[39] Mahian, O., Kianifar, A. S., Kalogirou, A., Pop, I., Wongwises, S., A Review of the Applications of Nanofluids in Solar Energy, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 57(2), 2013, 582–594.
[40] Sheikholeslami, M., Ganji, D. D., Nanofluid Convective Heat Transfer Using Semi Analytical and Numerical Approaches: A Review, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 65, 2016, 43–77.
[41] Myers T., Cregan, V., Ribera, H., Does Mathematics Contribute to the Nanofluid Debate?, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 111, 2017, 279–288.
[42] Grosan, T., Sheremet, M., Pop, I., Heat Transfer Enhancement in Cavities Filled with Nanofluids: From Numerical to Experimental Techniques, CRC Press, 2017.
[43] Das, S. K., Choi, S. U. S., Yu, W., Pradeep, T., Nanofluids: Science and Technology, Wiley, 2019.
[44] Nield, D. A., Bejan, A., Convection in Porous Media, New York, Springer-Verlag, 2013.
[45] Shenoy, A., Sheremet, M., Pop I., Convective Flow and Heat Transfer from Wavy Surfaces: Viscous Fluids, Porous Media, and Nanofluids, CRC Press 2016.
[46] Lyu, Z., Asadi, A., Alarifi, I. M., Ali, V., Foong, L. K., Thermal and Fluid Dynamics Performance of MWCNT-Water Nanofluid Based on Thermophysical Properties: An Experimental and Theoretical Study, Scientific Reports, 10(1), 2020, 5185.
[47] Liao, S. J., A General Approach to Get Series Solution of Non-Similarity Boundary-Layer Flows, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 14(5), 2009, 2144–2159.
[48] Kousar , N., Liao, S. J., Series Solution of Non-similarity Boundary-Layer Flows Over a Porous Wedge, Transport in Porous Media, 83(2), 2010, 397–412.
[49] Kousar, N., Liao, S., Series Solution of Non-Similarity Natural Convection Boundary-Layer Flows Over Permeable Vertical Surface, Science, China Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy, 53(2), 2010, 360–368.
[50] You, X., Xu, H., Liao, S. J., On the Nonsimilarity Boundary-Layer Flows of Second-Order Fluid over a Stretching Sheet, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 77, 2010, 1–8.
[51] Kousar, N., Liao, S., Unsteady Non-Similarity Boundary-Layer Flows Caused by An Impulsively Stretching Flat Sheet, Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications, 12(1), 2011, 333–342.
[52] Liao, S. J., Beyond Perturbation: Introduction to the Homotopy Analysis Method, Chapman & Hall/CRC Press, London/Boca Ratton, 2003.
[53] Farooq, U., Zhao, Y. L., Hayat, T., Alsaedi, A., Liao, S. J., Application of the HAM-Based Mathematica Package Bvph 2.0 on MHD Falkner–Skan Flow of Nano-Fluid, Computers & Fluids, 111, 2015, 69–75.
[54] Bejan, A., A Study of Entropy Generatio9n in Fundamental Convective Heat Transfer, Journal of Heat Transfer, 101(4), 1979, 718–725.
[55] Bég, O. A., Rashidi, M. M., Bég, T. A., Asadi, M., Homotopy Analysis of Transient Magneto-Bio-Fluid Dynamics of Micropolar Squeeze Film in A Porous Medium: A Model for Magneto-Bio-Rheological Lubrication, Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology, 12(3), 2012.
[56] Bég, T. A., Bég, O., Asadi M., Homotopy Semi-Numerical Modelling of Nanofluid Convection Boundary Layers from an Isothermal Spherical Body in a Permeable Regime, International Journal of Microscale and Nanoscale Thermal Fluid Transport Phenomena, 3, 2013, 237–266.
[57] Tripathi, D., Bég, O. A., Curiel-Sosa, J. L., Homotopy semi-numerical simulation of peristaltic flow of generalised Oldroyd-B fluids with slip effects, Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 17(4), 2014, 433–442.
[58] Bég, O. A., Mabood, F., Islam, M. N., Homotopy Simulation of Nonlinear Unsteady Rotating Nanofluid Flow from a Spinning Body, International Journal of Engineering Mathematics, 2015, 272079.
[59] Ali, N., Asghar, Z., Bég, O. A., Sajid, M., Bacterial Gliding Fluid Dynamics on A Layer of Non-Newtonian Slime: Perturbation and Numerical Study, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 397, 2016, 22–32.
[60] Beg, O. A., Multi-Physical Electro-Magnetic Propulsion Fluid Dynamics : Mathematical Modelling and Computation, Mathematical Modeling : Methods, Applications and Research, 2018, 2–88.
[61] Abdallah, I. A., Homotopy Analytical Solution of MHD Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Problem, Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences, 3(2), 2017, 223–233.
[62] Hayat, T., Imtiaz, M., Alsaedi, A., Partial Slip Effects in Flow over Nonlinear Stretching Surface, Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 36(11), 2015, 1513–1526.
[63] Liao, S. J., Comparison between the Homotopy Analysis Method and Homotopy Perturbation Method, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 169(2), 2005, 1186–1194.
[64] Gupta, V. G., Gupta, S., Application of Homotopy Analysis Method for Solving Nonlinear Cauchy Problem, Surveys in Mathematics and its Applications, 7, 2012, 105–116.
[65] Gorder, Van, R. A., Vajravelu, K., On The Selection Of Auxiliary Functions, Operators, And Convergence Control Parameters In The Application Of The Homotopy Analysis Method To Nonlinear Differential Equations: A General Approach, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 14(12), 2009, 4078–4089
[66] Yin, X.B., Kumar, S., Kumar, D., A modified homotopy analysis method for solution of fractional wave equations, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 7(12), 2015, 1–8.
[67] Wang, C. Y., Stagnation Flow towards a Shrinking Sheet, International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, 43(5), 2008, 377–382.
[68] Khan, W. A., Pop, I., Boundary-layer flow of a nanofluid past a stretching sheet, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 53(11), 2010, 2477–2483.
[69] Gorla, R. S. R., Sidawi, I., Free convection on a vertical stretching surface with suction and blowing, Journal of Applied Science Research, 52(3), 1994, 247–257.
[70] Cramer, K. R., Bai, S., Pai, S., Magnetofluid Dynamics for Engineers and Applied Physicists, Scripta Publishing Company, 1973.
[71] Uddin, M. J., Alginahi, Y., Bég, O. A., Kabir, M. N., Numerical Solutions for Gyrotactic Bioconvection in Nanofluid-Saturated Porous Media with Stefan Blowing and Multiple Slip Effects, Computers & Mathematics with Applications, 72(10), 2016, 2562–2581.
[72] Katz, E., Lioubashevski, O., Willner, I., Magnetic Field Effects on Bioelectrocatalytic Reactions of Surface-Confined Enzyme Systems: Enhanced Performance of Biofuel Cells, Journal of American Chemical Society, 127(11), 2005, 3979–3988
[73] Goh, W. J. et al., Iron Oxide Filled Magnetic Carbon Nanotube-Enzyme Conjugates for Recycling of Amyloglucosidase: Toward Useful Applications in Biofuel Production Process, Langmuir, 28, 2012, 16864–16873.