Design Methodology of a Novel Comminution Machine

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Engineering, Av. Túpac Amaru 210, Lima, 15333, Perú

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología - UTEC, Jr. Medrano Silva 165, Barranco, Lima, Peru

Abstract

This paper outlines the conceptual and numerical design process of a comminution equipment centered on particle breakdown through impact. The process is divided into four stages, starting with the generation of device concepts achieved by developing a needs matrix for an optimal machine. Subsequently, in the second stage, various equipment shape proposals were introduced and tested, with the selection of an optimal proposal determined through performance comparisons. For comparison purposes, simulations utilizing the discrete element method (DEM) were conducted, considering analyses of accumulated power from collisions and particle breakage. Once the optimized prototype was identified, a breakage simulation was conducted to measure the device's reduction ratio. In the third stage, the machine elements of the device were calculated. Finally, in the fourth stage, a series of simulations utilizing the finite element method (FEM) were carried out to perform structural and modal analyses of the final design. The evaluated variables identified in the simulations played a crucial role in optimizing the design, ultimately resulting in a device with a reduction ratio of 1:19.8 for limestone.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Publisher’s Note Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

[1] Wills, B.A., Finch, J., Wills' mineral processing technology: an introduction to the practical aspects of ore treatment and mineral recovery, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2016.
[2] Napier-Munn, T., Is progress in energy-efficient comminution doomed?, Minerals Engineering, 73, 2015, 1-6.
[3] Agarwal, S., Dandge, S.S., Chakraborty, S., Parametric analysis of a grinding process using the rough sets theory, Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering, 18(1), 2020, 91-106.
[4] Sarker, B., Chakraborty, S., Parametric study of a CNC turning process using discriminant analysis, Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering, 21(2), 2023, 201-222.
[5] Bzinkowski, D., Ryba, T., Siemiatkowski, Z., Rucki, M., Real-time monitoring of the rubber belt tension in an industrial conveyor, Reports in Mechanical Engineering, 3(1), 2022, 1-10.
[6] Zdravkovic, M., Korunovic, N., Novel methodology for real-time structural analysis assistance in custom product design, Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering, 21(2), 2023, 293-305.
[7] Szucs, H., Vehovszky, B., Possibilities of porous-structure representation–an overview, Acta Technica Jaurinensis, 14(4), 2021, 553-576.
[8] Malowany, K., Piekarczuk, A., Malesa, M., Kujawińska, M., Wiech, P., Application of 3D digital image correlation for development and validation of FEM model of self-supporting arch structures, Applied Sciences, 9(7), 2019, 1305.
[9] Szalai, S., Dogossy, G., Speckle pattern optimization for DIC technologies, Acta Technica Jaurinensis, 14(3), 2021, 228-243.
[10] Ogierman, W., Kokot, G., Analysis of strain field heterogeneity at the microstructure level and inverse identification of composite constituents by means of digital image correlation, Materials, 13(2), 2020, 287.
[11] Zhou, H., Gao, H., Feng, C., Sun, Z., Simulation of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation in Fractured Coal‎ Seams with Continuum-discontinuum Elements, Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics, 7(4), 2021, 2185-2195.
[12] Powell, M.S., Morrison, R.D., The future of comminution modelling, International Journal of Mineral Processing, 84(1-4), 2007, 228-239.
[13] Cundall, P.A., Strack, O.D., A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies, Geotechnique, 29(1), 1979, 47-65.
[14] Mindlin, R.D., Deresiewicz, H., Elastic spheres in contact under varying oblique forces, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 20(3), 1953, 327-344.
[15] Walton, O.R., Braun, R.L., Stress calculations for assemblies of inelastic spheres in uniform shear, Acta Mechanica, 63, 1986b, 73–86.
[16] Zhu, H.P., Zhou, Z.Y., Yang, R.Y., Yu, A.B., Discrete particle simulation of particulate systems: a review of major applications and findings, Chemical Engineering Science, 63(23), 2008, 5728-5770.
[17] Zhu, H.P., Zhou, Z.Y., Yang, R.Y., Yu, A.B., Discrete particle simulation of particulate systems: theoretical developments, Chemical Engineering Science, 62(13), 2007, 3378-3396.
[18] Weerasekara, N.S., Powell, M.S., Cleary, P.W., Tavares, L.M., Evertsson, M., Morrison, R.D., Carvalho, R.M., The contribution of DEM to the science of comminution, Powder Technology, 248, 2013, 3-24.
[19] Tavares, L.M., A review of advanced ball mill modelling, KONA Powder and Particle Journal, 34, 2017, 106-124.
[20] Nordell, L., Potapov, A., Novel comminution machine may vastly improve crushing-grinding efficiency, Sixth International Conference on Semi-Autogenous High Pressure Grinding Technology (SAG 15), Vancouver, BC, Canada, 20–24 September, 2015.
[21] Ketterhagen, W.R., Hancock, B.C., Optimizing the design of eccentric feed hoppers for tablet presses using DEM, Computers & Chemical Engineering, 34(7), 2010, 1072-1081.
[22] Scherer, V., Mönnigmann, M., Berner, M.O., Sudbrock, F., Coupled DEM–CFD simulation of drying wood chips in a rotary drum–Baffle design and model reduction, Fuel, 184, 2016, 896-904.
[23] Zhao, L., Zhao, Y., Bao, C., Hou, Q., Yu, A., Optimisation of a circularly vibrating screen based on DEM simulation and Taguchi orthogonal experimental design, Powder Technology, 310, 2017, 307-317.
[24] Hasankhoei, A.R., Maleki-Moghaddam, M., Haji-Zadeh, A., Barzgar, M.E., Banisi, S., On dry SAG mills end liners: Physical modeling, DEM-based characterization and industrial outcomes of a new design, Minerals Engineering, 141, 2019, 105835.
[25] Nagata, Y., Minagawa, M., Hisatomi, S., Tsunazawa, Y., Okuyama, K., Iwamoto, M., Tokoro, C., Investigation of optimum design for nanoparticle dispersion in centrifugal bead mill using DEM-CFD simulation, Advanced Powder Technology, 30(5), 2019, 1034-1042.
[26] Cui, D., Wang, G., Lu, Y., Sun, K., Reliability design and optimization of the planetary gear by a GA based on the DEM and Kriging model, Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 203, 2020, 107074.
[27] Cleary, P.W., Delaney, G.W., Sinnott, M.D., Cummins, S.J., Morrison, R.D., Advanced comminution modelling: Part 1–crushers, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 88, 2020, 238-265.
[28] Nadutyi, V.P., Tytov, O.O., Kolosov, D.L., Sukhariev, V.V., Influence of particle geometry on the efficiency of operation of quasistatic and inertial disintegrators, Natsional'nyi Hirnychyi Universytet. Naukovyi Visnyk, 6, 2020, 21-27.
[29] Jiménez-Herrera, N., Barrios, G.K., Tavares, L.M., Comparison of breakage models in DEM in simulating impact on particle beds, Advanced Powder Technology, 29(3), 2018, 692-706.
[30] Cleary, P., Modelling comminution devices using DEM, International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 25(1), 2001, 83-105.
[31] Tavares, L.M., André, F.P., Potapov, A., Maliska Jr, C., Adapting a breakage model to discrete elements using polyhedral particles, Powder Technology, 362, 2020, 208-220.
[32] Ulrich, K.T., Eppinger, S.D., Product design and development, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2012.
[33] Nielsen, K., Malvik, T., Grindability enhancement by blast-induced microcracks, Powder Technology, 105(1-3), 1999, 52-56.
[34] André, F., Potapov, A., Tavares, L.M., Simulation of single particle breakage using non-Round particles in Rocky DEM, In 26th International Mining Congress and Exhibition of Turkey, Antalya, Turkey, 2019.
[35] Gupta, A., Yan, D.S., Mineral processing design and operations: an introduction, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2016.
[36] Mott, R.L., Vavrek, E.M., Wang, J., Machine elements in mechanical design, Pearson Higher Ed, New York, 2018.
[37] Budynas, R.G., Nisbett, J.K., Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2011.
[38] Köhler, G., Maschinenteile: Teil 2, Teubner, Stuttgart, 1981.
[39] Steinhilper, W., Röper, R., Maschinen-und Konstruktionselemente 1: Grundlagen der Berechnung und Gestaltung, Springer, Berlin, 1994.
[40] Steinhilper, W., Röper, R., Maschinen-und Konstruktionselemente 3: Elastische Elemente, Federn Achsen und Wellen Dichtungstechnik Reibung, Schmierung, Lagerungen, Springer, Berlin, 1996.
[41] Huang, X., Hao, H., Oslub, K., Habibi, M., Tounsi, A., Dynamic stability/instability simulation of the rotary size-dependent functionally graded microsystem, Engineering with Computers, 38(Suppl 5), 2022, 4163-4179.
[42] Al-Furjan, M.S.H., Habibi, M., Ghabussi, A., Safarpour, H., Safarpour, M., Tounsi, A., Non-polynomial framework for stress and strain response of the FG-GPLRC disk using three-dimensional refined higher-order theory, Engineering Structures, 228, 2021, 111496.
[43] Al-Furjan, M.S.H., Habibi, M., Ni, J., Jung, D.W., Tounsi, A., Frequency simulation of viscoelastic multi-phase reinforced fully symmetric systems, Engineering with Computers, 38(Suppl 5), 2022, 3725-3741.
[44] Al-Furjan, M.S.H., Habibi, M., Shan, L., Tounsi, A., On the vibrations of the imperfect sandwich higher-order disk with a lactic core using generalize differential quadrature method, Composite Structures, 257, 2021, 113150.
[45] Al-Furjan, M.S.H., Habibi, M., Rahimi, A., Chen, G., Safarpour, H., Safarpour, M., Tounsi, A., Chaotic simulation of the multi-phase reinforced thermo-elastic disk using GDQM, Engineering with Computers, 38, 2020, 1-24.