Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Ternary TiO2-Al2O3-Cu/Water-Based Nanofluids at Stagnation Phase Change Surfaces

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Arfan Hyder 1 , 2
Yeou Jiann Lim 1
Ilyas Khan 3
Yaser Salah Hamed 4
Sharidan Shafie 1
1 Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
2 Department of Mathematics and Social Sciences, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan
3 Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
4 Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
10.22055/jacm.2024.47879.4810
Abstract
Ternary nanofluids offer superior thermal properties, enhancing efficiency in thermal systems such as power generation, storage, and manufacturing. This study investigates the heat transfer and flow behavior of TiO2-Al2O3-Cu/water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid at the stagnation point on a phase change surface, considering surface stretching/shrinking, magnetic field, and thermal radiation effects. Using similarity transformation, the governing equations are simplified and solved via the Keller Box method. The study compares key parameters, including the Nusselt number and skin friction, for ternary, TiO2/water nanofluid, and Al2O3-TiO2/water hybrid nanofluids. Results show that ternary nanofluid outperform hybrid and regular nanofluids, with the melting parameter reducing heat transfer by 15% and skin friction by 3%. Findings underscore the importance of phase change in optimizing ternary nanofluids for heat transfer applications.
Keywords
Ternary hybrid nanofluid
Melting heat transfer (MHT)
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)
Stretching/shrinking sheet
Keller-box method
Subjects

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Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics
Volume 11, Issue 3
Summer 2025
Pages 770-786