Chemical Kinetics and Thermodynamics Characteristic of Saudi Biomass Wastes Using Isoconversional and Independent Parallel Reaction Models

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Ahmed S. Elamoudi 1
Mohamed E. Mostafa 2 , 3
Saad A. El‑Sayed 3
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh 1 , 4
Ahmed Elshabrawi 2
Ahmed Mahmoud Ahmed 2
Song Hu 2
Jun Xiang 2
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
2 State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, PR China
3 Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
4 Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems / Energy Efficiency Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
10.22055/jacm.2025.48491.5271
Abstract
Using the TG/DTG technique, the pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis behavior and properties of biomass wastes of date kernel (DK) and fruit waste (FW) and their blends were examined at varying heating rates in an inert atmosphere. One of the main objectives of this study is to determine the activation energy (E), frequency factor (A), and reaction mechanism function (kinetic triplet). The E values were calculated for both individual and blended samples using the OFW, KAS, and ST isoconversional kinetic models. Additionally, the independent parallel reaction scheme (IPRS) with four pseudo-components is used to determine the kinetic parameters of this lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis. The IPRS results demonstrated a high degree of agreement between modelled and experimental data. Additionally, the differences between the E values produced from IPRS and ΔH didn’t surpass 5 kJ/mole. The degradation of biomass samples was observed to match the chemical reaction mechanism (C8) model for both α = 0.1-0.5 and 0.5-0.9 ranges with high reliable values of R2, according to the master plots approach. From 200 to 400 °C at β = 30 °C /min, the synergistic impact was notable for 25 and 50% of FW in the blends; however, at β = 20 °C /min, the remarkable effect appeared for both low and high temperatures and for the entire percentage of FW. Conversely, for T < 400 °C for full percentages of FW in the blends, a substantial influence appears at β = 40 °C /min; yet, for T > 400 °C, the blends' FW concentrations of 50 and 75% exhibit noticeable effects. With an increase in heating rate (β), all pyrolysis characteristic parameters (CPI, Ddev and Rw) rose, and volatiles were produced more rapidly and steadily due to the tested samples' superior pyrolysis characteristics and stability (higher PI, Ddev and Rw).
Keywords
Fruit waste (FW) and date kernel (DK)
Pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis
IPRS
Isoconversional kinetic methods
Thermodynamics characteristic parameters
Master plots method
Subjects

Publisher’s Note Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics
Volume 12, Issue 2
Spring 2026
Pages 411-429